The Ottoman Empire, 1300-1650 May 2026

Claimed the title of , making the Sultan the spiritual leader of Islam. Suleiman the Magnificent (r. 1520–1566)

: Internal unrest disrupted Anatolian agriculture and security. The Ottoman Empire, 1300-1650

: European powers developed better gunpowder technology and oceanic trade routes. Claimed the title of , making the Sultan

: Religious minorities (Jews and Christians) governed their own communal affairs. Claimed the title of