: Sublethal exposure led to reduced nectar storage and diminished foraging activity, which can lead to colony collapse even if the bees do not die instantly.
: Argue for more stringent regulations on neonicotinoids in landscape and ornamental plants where residue levels often exceed safety thresholds for pollinators. Download 91573 plus pdf
: While low doses (less than 10 ppb) typical of seed-treated crops did not immediately kill queens, higher doses (20 ppb to 100 ppb) commonly found in ornamental plants and certain spray-treated crops significantly increased queen mortality by the end of the study. : Sublethal exposure led to reduced nectar storage
Analyze the "dosage-response" relationship regarding foraging behavior and colony health. Download 91573 plus pdf
The document you are referring to, , is a scientific study published in PLoS ONE titled Chronic Exposure of Imidacloprid and Clothianidin Reduce Queen Survival, Foraging, and Nectar Storing in Colonies of Bombus impatiens.
